Komputer for Alle 1998 #6/1998 CD 6 (Gul).iso/web/ffa/wwwenv~1.org/arrs/digest/news62~1.htm/text0000.txt

Text File | 1998-04-02 | 29.4 KB | 743 lines

Medical studies compromised by drug makers, journal reports

Reuters
BOSTON (January 7, 1998 5:42 p.m. EST)

Virtually all the doctors who defended a class of drugs widely used to
treat heart disease have hidden links to the makers of the drugs, the
New England Journal of Medicine said in its Thursday issue.

The Journal said a team of researchers found that almost all the doctors
who rushed to defend the safety of calcium channel blockers in 1995 had
financial links to the drug companies that make them.

"We wonder how the public would interpret the debate over
calcium-channel antagonists if it knew that most of the authors
participating in the debate had undisclosed financial ties with
pharmaceutical manufacturers," said the study team, who argued that "the
medical profession needs to develop a strong policy governing conflict
of interest."

Calcium channel blockers are used mainly to treat heart diseases marked
by spasms in the organ's artery. The drugs prevent calcium from entering
smooth muscle cells and cause the smooth muscles to relax and reduce
muscle spasms.

The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute warned physicians in 1995
that one particular drug -- short-acting nifedipine -- should be
prescribed "with great caution, if at all." It said short-acting calcium
channel blockers were linked with an increased risk of death from heart
attack.

The warning kicked off a major debate.

The authors of the new study, led by Dr. Henry Thomas Stelfox of the
University of Toronto, tried to gauge the involvement of
industry-supported doctors in the calcium channel controversy by
identifying articles published between March 10, 1995, and September 30,
1996, and categorizing them as supportive of the medicines, critical of
them, or neutral.

Then they sent surveys to the authors of the 70 articles asking about
their financial links to drug companies in general, and calcium channel
blocker makers in particular.

They discovered that "96 percent of the supportive authors had financial
relationships with manufacturers of calcium-channel antagonists, as
compared with 60 percent of the neutral authors and 37 percent of the
critical authors."

The researchers also wondered if the authors who were critical of
calcium channel blockers had financial ties to companies making
competing types of heart medicines.

"The answer was no. In fact, supportive and neutral authors were more
likely than critical authors to have financial interactions with
manufacturers of competing products," they concluded.

Only in two of the articles had the editors disclosed any potential
conflict of interest for the writer.

Although the Stelfox group acknowledged that the supportive authors may
have ties to drug companies because the companies seek relationships
with doctors who already support their products, the researchers
concluded, "The results demonstrate a strong association between
authors' opinions about the safety of calcium-channel antagonists and
their financial relationships with pharmaceutical manufacturers."

There are many ways for doctors to get support from pharmaceutical
firms. Drug companies sponsor ongoing medical education programs and
hire physicians to serve as consultants, perform research, or speak at
symposia.

Often those financial ties are not disclosed, although the editors of
medical journals say they are working harder to unearth potential
conflicts of interest when doctors publish in their magazines.

Whether support from the pharmaceutical industry is actually swaying the
opinions of doctors "cannot be determined by the results of our study,"
the Stelfox team said.

The American Medical Association, publisher of the Journal of American
Medical Association, was stung by criticism last summer after it inked a
5-year endorsement deal to give its seal of approval to Sunbeam Corp.
health care products. Subsequently, the AMA backed out of the deal and
the company filed a $20 million lawsuit against the largest U.S. medical
association.

The New England Journal was chastised in December 1997 because the
author of a book review, who panned a book critical of the chemical
industry, turned out to have ties to the industry. The Journal's book
editor acknowledged the problem but insisted that it was an inadvertent
oversight.

By GENE EMERY, Reuter

**********************************************************

Replacing the cheaper and safer beta blockers with calcium channel
blockers has been reported to have caused thousands of unnecessary
deaths.  That apparently was of little account to the researchers
supported by drug company money.

These are the same individuals who solemnly declare that they experiment
on animals only to save human lives, and that humane treatment of lab
animals is of utmost concern to them.

Andy
Date: Wed, 07 Jan 1998 22:19:02 -0800
From: Andrew Gach <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Subject: Dr. Frankenstein is gearing up to go
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Chicago physicist's plan to clone humans creates clamor of opposition

The Associated Press
CHICAGO (January 7, 1998 7:48 p.m. EST )

 A scientist's claim that he will begin cloning humans within two years
set off a nationwide clamor Wednesday from doctors who say it can't be
done, ethicists who say it shouldn't be done and politicians who say
they won't let it be done.

At the center of the uproar is Richard Seed, a physicist and
self-described eccentric with a Ph.D. from Harvard who is unaffiliated
with any institution and appears to be virtually unknown in the field of
genetic science.

He says he has the expertise as well as couples willing to take part, if
he can set up an independent laboratory and raise the $2 million he
estimates is needed.

Seed scoffed at the widespread opposition to the concept of human
cloning -- a possibility that suddenly seemed closer to reality last
year after Scottish scientists announced they had cloned the adult sheep
Dolly, the first cloned mammal.

"New things of any kind, mechanical, biological, intellectual, always
tend to create fear," Seed said. "Then the subject becomes tolerated and
ignored. And the third stage, which always happens, is the subject
becomes enthusiastically endorsed, and I think the same thing will
happen in human cloning."

Researchers said cloning humans might one day be possible but would be
inefficient, pointing out that the Scottish team went through 277 sheep
before cloning Dolly.

"The idea of setting up a human cloning clinic is kind of a crackpot
notion, even forgetting the ethical issues, because the effectiveness
rate would be so low," said Dr. Sherman Silber, director of the
Infertility Center of St. Louis.

Dr. Lawrence Layman, chief of reproductive endocrinology and infertility
at the University of Chicago Hospitals, said, "It's not like he can just
throw together a lab and just do it."

Seed, who describes himself as "eccentric or brilliant or near-genius,"
said he hopes to begin his work within the next few months and set a
goal of producing a pregnancy in a woman within 1 1/2 years.

He suggested that the techniques would be similar to those used to
create the cloned sheep. DNA would be removed from a woman's egg and
replaced with the DNA from the person to be cloned. The fertilized egg
would grow into an embryo that would be placed into the woman, who would
give birth to the cloned child.

President Clinton has barred the use of federal funds on human cloning,
and a bill that would make his order permanent is among several
anti-cloning measures in Congress.

A national panel recommended last year after Dolly's cloning that
Congress make human cloning illegal, saying the technique posed
unacceptable risks of mutations and raised troubling ethical questions.

"The scientific community ought to make it clear to Dr. Seed -- and I
think the president will make it clear to Dr. Seed -- that he has
elected to become irresponsible, unethical and unprofessional should he
pursue the course that he outlined today," said White House spokesman
Mike McCurry.

House Majority Leader Dick Armey said Congress should pass a human
cloning ban quickly, and Sen. Christopher Bond, R-Mo., who introduced
such legislation last year, said he will push for emergency action when
Congress reconvenes at the end of the month.

Seed and his brother developed a technique for transferring fertilized
embryos from one woman to another in the early 1980s but failed in their
attempt to make the procedure a commercial success. He said human
cloning will help infertile couples with nowhere else to go and will
spur genetic advances that could lead to the cure for diseases such as
cancer.

Seed said he has debated his views with his Methodist pastor.

"God made man in his own image. Therefore, he intended that man should
become one with God. Man should have an indefinite life and have
indefinite knowledge. And we're going to do it, and this is one step,"
Seed said.

He declined to identify the couples he said were willing to undergo the
procedure, but said a tabloid offered $200,000 for their story.

Seed's plans are unethical on several levels, said Ann Dudley Goldblatt,
assistant director of the MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics at
the University if Chicago.

Most importantly, because "it is a copy of another human being, a
Xerox," Goldblatt said. But it is also an idea prone to repeated
failures, and Seed is "pulling at the heartstrings of people who
desperately want to have a child."

"So I think it's too bad you're all paying so much attention," she said.

By JAMES WEBB, Associated Press Writer

*****************************************************************

When Dolly the sheep was cloned, a chorus of reassurances issued from
the science establishment to allay public misgivings about human
cloning.  The dust has barely settled and someone is already at it.

It can't be done, it shouldn't be done, they won't let it be done - but
it will eventually be done just the same, like everything else that
comes out of the lab and promises big financial returns.

Andy
Date: Wed, 7 Jan 1998 23:08:27 -0300
From: [e-mail]
To: [e-mail]
Subject: (AR) The end of the City of Rosario Zoo
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>

Good News from Argentina!

THE END OF THE CITY OF ROSARIO (Argentina) ZOO!!!!

The news:
-------------

Under the slogan "Zoos are going to end with the century", the city
government of Rosario announced a revolutionary project; the end of
the old city zoo that dates from the past century.

The initiative:
----------------

* Reintegration of the animals into their natural habitats or
reserves will be attempted for all   possible cases. For this
purpose, the city government has enlisted the humane and animal
rights societies to gather helpful information.

* The current zoo grounds will be turned into a public garden.

* While the project is being carried out, the animals will be
released from their cages and moved into a larger place. The native
species will live freely, without bars, separated by streams, creeks
and lakes. The exotic species will be relocated to another place
with better conditions.

* The admission of new animals will not be encouraged or allowed.
The goal is that no animal is to remain behind bars.

Background:
----------------

The Rosario zoo occupies 2.47 acres in  downtown Rosario, the second
largest city of Argentina (1,500,000 inhabitants). It is an old
building complex where wild animals, both native and exotic, have to
suffer not only the torture of being locked up, but also precarious
building conditions. Since 1980, humane societies have been filing
complaints because of the awful conditions. Through the years, more
complaints have been piling up against the admission of new animals.
These complaints show the deceitful game of calling one of the worst
jails "educational". Even today, zoo employees resist the proposed
changes by using the old and hackneyed "educational" argument.

Your participation can help the project start now!
-----------------------------------------------------------

Rosario's proposal is outstanding and a case to imitate. But your
support is needed to stop those persons who want to perpetuate the
zoo and put this project at risk by convincing the government of
their argument.

We ask you to let the local authorities know that you care about the
welfare of the animals, by congratulating and encouraging them on
this initiative. We have supplied a model of an appropriate letter
but feel free to write in your own words. Please, send the letter by
mail, fax or E-mail to:

Mr.  Intendente (Mayor) Hermes Binner
Buenos Aires 711
(2000) Rosario - Pcia de Santa Fe.
Argentina.

Fax: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail]

(Sample letter:)

We congratulate you for your decision to close the Rosario zoo.
Looking for a better place for the captive animals, reintegrating
them to their natural habitats and not admitting new animals is a
progressive measure that we hope will be imitated by other cities.

(Include your first and last name, name of your institution, city and
country)

Please, send a copy of your letter by mail, fax or E-mail to:

Club de Animales Felices de Rosario (Happy Animals Club of Rosario)
Casilla de Correo 26 - Sucursal 8 (2000) Rosario - Pcia.de Santa Fe,
Argentina.

Fax [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

We can supply further information and the video tape "Zoo-illogical
garden".

THANKS TO EVERYONE!!!
______________________________________________________________
send by Club de Animales Felices - [e-mail]

__________________________________
Club de Animales Felices
[e-mail]

Casilla de Correo 43 - Sucursal 31
(1431) Buenos Aires - Argentina

info: [e-mail]
Date: Thu, 8 Jan 1998 09:07:54 -0800 (PST)
From: Erin Boddicker <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Subject: Everglades National Park
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

When I called the Corps of Engineers to encourage them to not flood the
"Goldilocks" Cape Sable seaside sparrows breeding ground in Everglades
National Park, they said that they prefer that everyone send a letter (so
they have it in writing) to:
                                         Army Corps of Engineers
                                         PO Box 4970
                                         Jacksonville, FL  32232
As was posted before (by <[e-mail]>), this endangered songbird
lives only in the park, and since it is a national park, we can all contact
them about this.





Date: Thu, 8 Jan 1998 09:37:53 -0800 (PST)
From: Michael Markarian <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Subject: (US-MD) Judge asks: When is it justifiable to shoot a cat?
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

from http://wire.ap.org


Judge asks: When is it justifiable to shoot a cat?


   SALISBURY, Md. (AP) ù Is it ever OK to shoot a cat?

   A Wicomico County District Court judge has postponed his verdict
in an animal cruelty case Tuesday until lawyers can help him answer
that question.

   John Drendall admits firing a .22-caliber bullet into the head
of a neighbor's cat that had wandered over to his mother's house.

   He said his plan was to lure the cat into the garage with some
tuna and then release it a mile or so away. But when it scratched
him and then held its ground Drendall loaded his father's rifle and
shot it.

    ôI think I was both angry and also a little bit scared,ö he
told Judge Scott Davis during the trial.

   Prosecutor Paul Momtemuro said the Aug. 3 incident was a cruel
stunt by two brothers who had some beers and went looking to kill a
cat.

   John Drendall, 47, of Texas and his older brother, Michael
Drendall, put cans of cat food in the garage and lured a couple
cats inside. John Drendall shot one, a white and brown tabby named
Babe. The bullet passed straight through the cat's head, leaving it
stunned but relatively unharmed.

   The cat's owners, living in a mobile home next door, saw the
shooting and called the Wicomico County Sheriff's Office. Some time
later, police and the Drendalls were stunned when the cat bounded
out of a sack where the body had been left for dead.

   The judge dismissed charges against Michael Drendall, a Michigan
resident, on Tuesday because he did not fire the rifle.

   He also speculated people might have the right to shoot a cat if
it was part of a  ôchronic problemö ù like the daily visits of 10
or so felines to the Drendall property, where they would climb
roofs, lounge on cars and go to the bathroom in flower beds.

    ôWhat is a justifiable response to a chronic problem?ö the
judge asked.

   AP-ES-01-08-98 0254EST

Date: Thu, 8 Jan 1998 10:46:14 -0800
From: [e-mail] (Lawrence Carter-Long)
To: [e-mail]
Subject: Catholics Fight Factory Farms!
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

FYI: It's not ideal, and certainly welfarist, but seems a
step in the right direction nonetheless.

At any rate, we should all be aware of the effort.

My best to all -


Lawrence

==================================================

Factory Farm Moratorium Call from NCRLC <[e-mail]>

Please distribute!

******************

A Statement from the Board of Directors of the National Catholic
Rural Life Conference

December 18, 1997

An Immediate Moratorium on Large-scale Livestock and Poultry
Animal Confinement Facilities

Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) have become
a national issue. A new hog plant in Utah will produce more
animal waste than the animal and human waste created by
the city of Los Angeles; 1,600 dairies in the Central Valley of
California produce more waste than a city of 21 million people.
The annual production of 600 million chickens on the Delmarva
Peninsula near Washington, D.C. generates as much nitrogen
as a city of almost 500,000 people.

In North Carolina, 35 million gallons of animal waste were
spilled in 1995, killing 10 million fish. In 1996, more than 40
manure spills were recorded in Iowa, Minnesota and Missouri,
double the number reported in 1992.  Earlier this year, microbe
pfiesteria associated with the poultry industry killed 30,000 fish
in the Chesapeake Bay and another 450,000 fish in North
Carolina attributed to hog waste. Pfiesteria grow in waters
with excessive nutrients. In the Gulf of Mexico, animal waste
has helped to create a "dead zone" of up to 7,000 square miles.
The Center for Disease Control has just released a report
attributing foodborne diseases to food industry consolidation
and the decrease in effective microbe resistance in humans
from the antibiotics used to industrialize animals for confinement
facilities.

The National Catholic Rural Life Conference (NCRLC) has for
75 years been a voice for participative democracy, widespread
ownership of land, the defense of nature, animal welfare, support
for small and moderate-sized independent family farms, economic
justice, rural and urban interdependence. Such values are drawn
from the message of the Gospel and the social teachings of our
Church. Furthermore, we see such values best represented in
the agricultural arena by what is called sustainable agriculture.

In the light of present concerns about the industrialization
of agriculture and environmental pollution as represented
especially by the hog industry, the NCRLC supports efforts
for a national dialogue on Confined Animal Feeding Operations
and their impacts on water quality, the environment, and
local communities. Too much time has elapsed and too
much damage has been done without an adequate national
dialogue on these issues.

As a first step, the NCRLC supports a moratorium on the
expansion and building of new farm factories and calls for
a serious consideration of their replacement by sustainable
agricultural systems which are environmentally safe, economically
viable, and socially just. While the federal government, the states,
and local communities reassess the structure of agriculture,
such a moratorium seems especially urgent. Without a moratorium,
the number of CAFOs will continue to proliferate, causing a
significant increase in the devastating pollution, health, and
social impacts by these confinement facilities across the country.

Included among the states currently dealing with CAFO issues
are: Alabama, Georgia, Kansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky,
Minnesota, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South
Dakota, Texas, Utah and Washington. Legislators, judges, and
local citizens groups are reviewing the legal safeguards at every
level to ensure clean water, a safe environment, food safety, and
social justice. Such efforts are beginning to pay dividends:

 In Indiana, for example, an administrative law judge has shut down a
proposed confined feeding operation.
 In Kentucky, the attorney general has ruled that large operations
are not exempt from local ordinances saying they are "not reasonable
or prudent, accepted and customary."
 After two years of difficulties, North Carolina has imposed strong
restrictions on confinement operations.
 South Dakota citizens recently secured sufficient signatures (31,000)
to hold a statewide referendum proposing an anti-corporate farming law
similar to Nebraska's.
 All but two of the 20 counties in Kansas had voted against new
corporate hog farms.
 At the federal level, a new bill has been introduced to regulate
CAFOs and a federal summit is being proposed to discuss animal
waste management.

As the livestock industry has been restructured, a growing dependence
has developed on enormous open-air lagoon waste storage and liquid
manure application systems. These systems have been prone to breaks,
spills, and runoff into surface water and seepage into ground water. The
Clean Water Act is again to be renewed after 25 years. While reforms of
that Act are being developed, a moratorium on CAFOs is needed to forestall
potentially devastating effects.

We challenge the notion that CAFOs, particularly hog factories, are a
boon to local economies. Studies have shown that for every job created
by a hog factory, three are lost. Every year, hog factories put almost 31,000
farmers out of business, out of their homes, and out of their communities.
In 1990, there were 670,350 family hog farms; in 1995, there were only
208,780. Between 1994 and 1996, approximately 4,439 family farmers
were displaced by the expansion of the top 30 pork producing companies,
according to a recent study done by Successful Farming. While concentration
in pork production grows, independent family farmers are being forced out.
The same can be said about dairy, beef, and poultry farming.

NCRLC invites others to join the call for a moratorium and the replacement
of factory farms by a sustainable agricultural system. The National
Catholic Rural Life Conference is a membership organization grounded in a
spiritual tradition which brings together the Church, care for creation and
care for community. The NCRLC fosters programs of direct service and
systemic change. As an educator in the faith, the NCRLC seeks to relate
religion to the rural world; develops support services for rural pastoral
ministers; serves as a prophetic voice and as a catalyst and convener for
social justice.

John E. Peck c/o UW Greens, 731 State St., MN 53703 #608-262-9036

===================
Posted by:

Lawrence Carter-Long
Science and Research Issues, Animal Protection Institute
email: [e-mail], phone: [phone] x. 215
world wide web: http://www.api4animals.org/

"I will permit no man to narrow and degrade my
soul by making me hate him." - Booker T. Washington

"...the above also applies to women.  However, I haven't
quite made up my mind just yet about politicians or talk
show hosts." - Lawrence Carter-Long








Date: Thu, 8 Jan 1998 13:59:21 EST
From: Dkwgdk2 <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Subject: cloning
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit

BRISTOL, Tenn., Jan. 7 /PRNewswire/ -- Experiments with human cloning such as
those announced recently by a Chicago physicist would result in the deaths of
thousands of human beings, noted the Christian Medical & Dental Society
(CMDS), which represents over 11,500 doctors and medical students nationwide.
CMDS executive director David Stevens, MD reacted to a National Public Radio
report that a Chicago-area physicist was pursuing plans to set up a clinic to
clone babies for prospective parents.  "Are we really willing to sacrifice
hundreds of embryos -- developing human beings -- to make one baby who may
suffer monstrous consequences of tampering with DNA?"

Stevens explained, "Cloning a single animal, the sheep Dolly, involved the
deaths of 277 developing embryos and resulted in some duplicate lambs being
born with severe and lethal birth defects.  Because of differences in the way
sheep and human cells divide, cloning humans poses greater difficulty.  As a
result, even more deaths and lethal birth defects can be expected during
experimentation.  We all sympathize with infertile couples, but is it worth
paying the price in human lives and suffering to come up with an experimental
baby?"

Stevens also commented on an Associated Press report quoting the Chicago
physicist, Richard Seed, as saying that his human cloning plan would be a step
to becoming one with God.  "Apparently he feels unrestrained by his lack of
training in either medicine or theology.  The Scriptures clearly teach that
God alone has the right over life and death.  We are dismally unqualified by
knowledge or moral stature to take on the role of Creator.  Arrogance is the
path to separation from God -- not oneness with God."

Stevens also noted, "This individual's scheme is evidence that current
executive and legislative efforts to curtail human cloning are flawed and need
to be strengthened."

SOURCE  Christian Medical & Dental Society

CO:  Christian Medical & Dental Society

ST:  Tennessee

IN:  HEA

SU:

01/07/98 12:24 EST http://www.prnewswire.com
Date: Thu, 08 Jan 1998 14:32:15 -0500
From: "Zoocheck Canada Inc." <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Subject: Tiger Mauls Ringling Bros. Trainer
Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Re the item posted by Lawrence Carter-Long  January 7, 1998-- Tiger mauls
circus trainer, ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. (Reuters) - A trainer with the Ringling
Bros. and Barnum &  Bailey Circus was mauled by a tiger
Wednesday and hospitalized in serious  condition, police said. etc. etc:

Would anyone having clippings on the above-referenced article, please send
copies via snail mail to Zoocheck at the address below.

Thanks

Holly Penfound



Zoocheck Canada Inc.
3266 Yonge Street, Suite 1729
Toronto, ON M4N 3P6
Ph [phone]  Fax    [phone] or [phone]
E-Mail:  [e-mail]
Web Site:  http://web.idirect.com/~zoocheck
Registered Charity No. 0828459-54




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